diff --git a/app/javascript/controllers/flash_toast_controller.js b/app/javascript/controllers/flash_toast_controller.js
index 2eb00fa..db34d90 100644
--- a/app/javascript/controllers/flash_toast_controller.js
+++ b/app/javascript/controllers/flash_toast_controller.js
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ export default class extends Controller {
   static toastifyAlert
   static lastId
 
+  // call once per browser
   static load_once() {
     this.initialized = true
 
@@ -15,35 +16,37 @@ export default class extends Controller {
     this.toastifyNotice = Toastify({ className: 'toastify-notice', ...commonOptions })
     this.toastifyAlert = Toastify({ className: 'toastify-alert', ...commonOptions })
     this.lastId = 0
-
-    console.log('FlashController ready!')
   }
 
   initialize() {
-    // console.log('FlashController initialize')
     if (!this.constructor.initialized) this.constructor.load_once()
   }
 
   connect() {
-    // console.log(`FlashController connect last_id=<${this.constructor.lastId}>`)
     const id = this.element.dataset.id
-    if (id != this.constructor.lastId) {
-      const notice = this.element.dataset.notice
-      const alert = this.element.dataset.alert
-      while (this.element.firstChild) { this.element.removeChild(this.element.firstChild) }
-      if (notice.length > 0) this.toastMessageFrom(id, notice, this.constructor.toastifyNotice)
-      if (alert.length > 0) this.toastMessageFrom(id, alert, this.constructor.toastifyAlert)
+    if (id != this.constructor.lastId) { // test whether duplicates
       this.constructor.lastId = id
+
+      this.clearChildrenElement()
+      this.showMessage(this.constructor.toastifyNotice, this.element.dataset.notice)
+      this.showMessage(this.constructor.toastifyAlert, this.element.dataset.alert)
+    }
+  }
+
+  showMessage(toastify, message) {
+    if (message.length > 0) {
+      toastify.options.selector = this.element // connect to stimulus element
+      toastify.options.text = message
+      toastify.showToast()
+
+      const lastClassNameWord = toastify.options.className.split('-').pop()
+      console.info(`TOAST ${lastClassNameWord}: ${message}`)
     }
-    // else console.log(`duplicate entry ${id}`)
   }
 
-  toastMessageFrom(id, message, toastify) {
-    toastify.options.selector = this.element
-    toastify.options.text = message
-    toastify.showToast()
-    const toastType = toastify.options.className.split('-').pop()
-    console.info(`TOAST ${toastType}: ${message}`)
+  clearChildrenElement() {
+    const node = this.element
+    while (node.firstChild) { node.removeChild(node.firstChild) }
   }
 
 }